Human Resource Transformation in Hospitals: The Role of Digital Capabilities, Digital Training, and Organizational Agility
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61132/digitalinnovation.v3i3.725Keywords:
Digital Capability, Digital Training, Hospital, Human Resource Transformation, Organizational AgilityAbstract
Digital transformation in healthcare requires hospitals to strengthen human resources that can adapt to technological change. This study aims to analyze the influence of digital capability and digital training on human resource transformation, with organizational agility as a mediating variable, in hospitals in North Sulawesi Province. A quantitative approach with a survey method was employed, involving 200 hospital workers who use digital technology in their work. Data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling-Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) with SmartPLS software. The findings show that digital capability has a positive and significant effect on organizational agility (β = 0.400; p < 0.001) and human resource transformation (β = 0.371; p < 0.001). Digital training also positively and significantly affects organizational agility (β = 0.395; p < 0.001) and human resource transformation (β = 0.133; p = 0.010). Organizational agility further contributes positively to human resource transformation (β = 0.374; p < 0.001). Mediation analysis confirms that organizational agility partially mediates the effects of digital capability and digital training on human resource transformation. These findings highlight the importance of integrating digital competence, structured training, and agile organizational systems to support sustainable hospital transformation in line with Dynamic Capability Theory and practical managerial needs.
Downloads
References
Ahmad Hariri, Wahyuni, W., & Rochmat, A. (2025). Kesiapan Sumber Daya Manusia Rumah Sakit dalam Menghadapi Transformasi Digital Layanan Kesehatan. Jurnal Ners, 9(3), 3837–3845. https://doi.org/10.31004/jn.v9i3.45936
Alotaibi, N., Wilson, C. B., & Traynor, M. (2025). Enhancing digital readiness and capability in healthcare: a systematic review of interventions, barriers, and facilitators. BMC Health Services Research, 25(1), 500. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-025-12663-3
Becker, G. S. (1993). Human capital: A theoretical and empirical analysis, with special reference to education (3rd ed.). University of Chicago Press.
Binsar, F., Hamsal, M., Ichsan, M., Abdinagoro, S. B., & Dwidienawati, D. (2026). Environmental Dynamics and Digital Transformation in Lower-Middle-Class Hospitals: Evidence from Indonesia. Healthcare, 14(2), 182. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare14020182
Borges do Nascimento, I. J., Abdulazeem, H. M., Vasanthan, L. T., Martinez, E. Z., Zucoloto, M. L., Østengaard, L., Azzopardi-Muscat, N., Zapata, T., & Novillo-Ortiz, D. (2023). The global effect of digital health technologies on health workers’ competencies and health workplace: an umbrella review of systematic reviews and lexical-based and sentence-based meta-analysis. The Lancet Digital Health, 5(8), e534–e544. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2589-7500(23)00092-4
Bouwmans, M., Lub, X., Orlowski, M., & Nguyen, T.-V. (2024). Developing the digital transformation skills framework: A systematic literature review approach. PLOS ONE, 19(7), e0304127. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0304127
Brown, J., Pope, N., Bosco, A. M., Mason, J., & Morgan, A. (2020). Issues affecting nurses’ capability to use digital technology at work: An integrative review. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 29(15–16), 2801–2819. https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.15321
Ferreira, J. C., Elvas, L. B., Correia, R., & Mascarenhas, M. (2025). Empowering Health Professionals with Digital Skills to Improve Patient Care and Daily Workflows. Healthcare, 13(3), 329. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare13030329
García-Valenzuela, V. M., Jacobo-Hernandez, C. A., & Flores-López, J. G. (2023). Dynamic Capabilities and Their Effect on Organizational Resilience in Small and Medium-Sized Commercial Enterprises. Management & Marketing, 18(4), 496–514. https://doi.org/10.2478/mmcks-2023-0027
Ghubaish, A., Salman, T., Zolanvari, M., Unal, D., Al-Ali, A., & Jain, R. (2021). Recent Advances in the Internet-of-Medical-Things (IoMT) Systems Security. IEEE Internet of Things Journal, 8(11), 8707–8718. https://doi.org/10.1109/JIOT.2020.3045653
Gökalp, E., & Martinez, V. (2021). Digital transformation capability maturity model enabling the assessment of industrial manufacturers. Computers in Industry, 132, 103522. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compind.2021.103522
Gustshella, F. A., Kosasih, P., Sari, R. D. P., & Rohman, A. (2024). The Effect of Training, Organizational Culture on Employee Performance with Competence as Intervening. Pakistan Journal of Life and Social Sciences (PJLSS), 22(2). https://doi.org/10.57239/PJLSS-2024-22.2.00214
Hee, O. C., & Shanmugam, N. (2019). A Review of Human Resource Change Management Strategies in the Digital Era. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 9(3). https://doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v9-i3/5713
Irfan Fitriansyah, M., & Indiyati, D. (2025). The Effect Of Training And Competence On Employee Performance At Xyz Health Foundation. International Journal of Science, Technology & Management, 6(4), 841–857. https://doi.org/10.46729/ijstm.v6i4.1241
Irfan, M., Wang, M., & Akhtar, N. (2019). Impact of IT capabilities on supply chain capabilities and organizational agility: a dynamic capability view. Operations Management Research, 12(3–4), 113–128. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12063-019-00142-y
Kludacz-Alessandri, M., Hawrysz, L., Żak, K., & Zhang, W. (2025). The impact of digital transformational leadership on digital intensity among primary healthcare entities: a moderated mediation model. BMC Health Services Research, 25(1), 117. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-025-12283-x
Kriemadis, A., Rossidis, I., & Belias, D. (2023). Strategic Human Resources Management as a Key Element in the Implementation of Organizational Changes (pp. 1–17). https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3693-0235-4.ch001
Kulju, E., Jarva, E., Oikarinen, A., Hammarén, M., Kanste, O., & Mikkonen, K. (2024). Educational interventions and their effects on healthcare professionals’ digital competence development: A systematic review. International Journal of Medical Informatics, 185, 105396. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2024.105396
Kwasek, A., Kocot, M., Radowicki, S., Kandefer, K., Szymańska, M., Soboń, D., & Trzaskowska-Dmoch, A. (2025). The Impact of Organizational Agility on the Sustainable Development of the Organization in the Context of Economy 5.0. Sustainability, 17(15), 6907. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17156907
Le, N. T. T., Van Nguyen, P., Tran, K. T., Vrontis, D., & Nguyen, A. T. C. (2026). Digital innovation, capabilities, and organizational agility as drivers of firm performance under government support. Journal of Innovation & Knowledge, 17, 101054. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jik.2026.101054
Longhini, J., Rossettini, G., & Palese, A. (2022). Digital Health Competencies Among Health Care Professionals: Systematic Review. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 24(8), e36414. https://doi.org/10.2196/36414
M., R. C. M. & H. J. F. (2021 S. (2021). Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling. In Handbook of Market Research (Issue October 2023). Https://Doi.Org/10.1007/978-3-319-57413-4_15. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57413-4_15
Natakusumah, K., Maulina, E., Muftiadi, A., & Purnomo, M. (2022). Digital transformation of health quality services in the healthcare industry during disruption and society 5.0 era. Frontiers in Public Health, 10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.971486
Nazeha, N., Pavagadhi, D., Kyaw, B. M., Car, J., Jimenez, G., & Tudor Car, L. (2020). A Digitally Competent Health Workforce: Scoping Review of Educational Frameworks. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 22(11), e22706. https://doi.org/10.2196/22706
Nurmaidah, N., Kustiningsih, N., & Rahayu, S. (2024). Change management strategy in the implementation of electronic medical record system in the era of digital transformation: Case study at Rahman Rahim Hospital. Gema Wiralodra, 15(1), 228–238. https://doi.org/10.31943/gw.v15i1.656
Punzalan, J. K., & Punzalan, M. G. (2025). Integrating digital health competencies in community-engaged medical education: A scoping review for developing teaching and learning strategies for digital health. Journal of Education and Health Promotion, 14(1). https://doi.org/10.4103/jehp.jehp_1240_24
Salihati Hanifa, & Kurniawan Erman Wicaksono. (2025). Digital Transformation of Health Services in Indonesia Through the Utilization of Artificial Intelligence, Big Data, and Telemedicine: Systematic Literature Review-VOSviewer. Proceeding of The International Conference of Inovation, Science, Technology, Education, Children, and Health, 5(1), 85–93. https://doi.org/10.62951/icistech.v5i1.270
Shickel, B., Tighe, P. J., Bihorac, A., & Rashidi, P. (2018). Deep EHR: A Survey of Recent Advances in Deep Learning Techniques for Electronic Health Record (EHR) Analysis. IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics, 22(5), 1589–1604. https://doi.org/10.1109/JBHI.2017.2767063
Stoumpos, A. I., Kitsios, F., & Talias, M. A. (2023). Digital Transformation in Healthcare: Technology Acceptance and Its Applications. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(4), 3407. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20043407
Subariyanti, H., Yulianto, A. R., Rifandi, Y. A., & Punamasari, D. (2025). ENHANCING EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE THROUGH DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION, COMPETENCE, AND AGILITY: THE ROLE OF STRATEGIC LEADERSHIP AS A MODERATOR. Dynamic Management Journal, 9(2), 464. https://doi.org/10.31000/dmj.v9i2.13861
Teece, D. J. (2007). Explicating dynamic capabilities: the nature and microfoundations of (sustainable) enterprise performance. Strategic Management Journal, 28(13), 1319–1350. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.640
Tenggono, E., Soedjipto, B. W., & Sudhartio, L. (2024). The effect of institutional pressures and dynamic managerial capability on strategic renewal: The case of strategic agility and digital readiness as mediators in healthcare industry. Asian Journal of Business Research, 14(1). https://doi.org/10.14707/ajbr.230168
Tenggono, E., Soetjipto, B. W., & Sudhartio, L. (2025). Dynamic managerial capabilities in action: advancing strategic agility and digital readiness in healthcare organizations. Journal of Organizational Change Management, 38(3), 548–568. https://doi.org/10.1108/JOCM-12-2024-0772
van de Wetering, R., & Versendaal, J. (2021). The role of IT ambidexterity, digital dynamic capability and knowledge processes as enablers of patient agility: an empirical study. https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.07.20.21260841
Verhoef, P. C., Broekhuizen, T., Bart, Y., Bhattacharya, A., Qi Dong, J., Fabian, N., & Haenlein, M. (2021). Digital transformation: A multidisciplinary reflection and research agenda. Journal of Business Research, 122, 889–901. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.09.022
Wageeh, N. A. (2016). Organizational Agility: The Key to Organizational Success. International Journal of Business and Management, 11(5), 296. https://doi.org/10.5539/ijbm.v11n5p296
Warner, K. S. R., & Wäger, M. (2019). Building dynamic capabilities for digital transformation: An ongoing process of strategic renewal. Long Range Planning, 52(3), 326–349. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lrp.2018.12.001
WHO. (2019). WHO guideline Recommendations on Digital Interventions for Health System Strengthening. World Health Organization.
Yıldırım, K. E., Gemici, E., & Yıldırım Başkan, T. (2025). The Relationship Between Digital Transformation and Organisational Agility in Public Institutions: The Case of a University. International Review of Management and Marketing, 15(5), 7–17. https://doi.org/10.32479/irmm.19720
Zhang, H., Ding, H., & Xiao, J. (2023). How Organizational Agility Promotes Digital Transformation: An Empirical Study. Sustainability, 15(14), 11304. https://doi.org/10.3390/su151411304
Zulfikri, A. (2025). Agility as a Strategic Enabler: Unpacking the Digital Transformation–Performance Nexus in Healthcare. Novatio : Journal of Management Technology and Innovation, 3(3), 181–193. https://doi.org/10.61978/novatio.v3i3.1107
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Digital Innovation : International Journal of Management

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.



