Michelle Priscilla Gunawan and Surya Dewi Rustariyuni 2025. The Effect of NPL, BI Rate, Inflation, NIM, and CAR on the ROA of Commercial Banks in Indonesia During 2019–2023. Digital Innovation : International Journal of Management. 2, 3 (Jul. 2025), 98–110. DOI:https://doi.org/10.61132/digitalinnovation.v2i3.427.